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| Antisemitism Antisemitism (also spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism; also known as Judeophobia) is a term used to describe prejudice against or hostility towards Jews, often rooted in hatred of their religion, culture, or ethnic background.While the term's etymology might suggest that antisemitism is directed against all Semitic peoples, it has been used exclusively to refer to hostility toward Jews since its initial usage. Antisemitism | |
| Auschwitz concentration camp "Auschwitz" redirects here. For the town, see Oświęcim. Distinguish from Austerlitz.Auschwitz-Birkenau ('Nazi Germany's concentration camps and extermination camps, established in Nazi German occupied Poland. The camp took its German name from the nearby Polish town of Oświęcim. Birkenau, the German translation of pol. Brzezinka (birch tree), refers to a small village nearby, mostly destroyed by the Germans. Auschwitz_concentration_camp | |
| Czech Republic Czech_Republic | |
| Croatia Croatia | |
| Errol Morris Errol Morris (born February 5, 1948) is an American Academy Award winning documentary film director. In 2003 The Guardian listed him as number seven in their list of the world's 40 best directors. Errol_Morris | |
| Euthanasia Euthanasia (from the Greek ευθανασία meaning "well death"ευ-, eu- (well or good) + θάνατος, thanatos (death)) refers to the practice of ending a life in a painless manner. Many different forms of euthanasia can be distinguished, including animal euthanasia and human euthanasia, and within the latter, voluntary and involuntary euthanasia. Voluntary euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide have been the focus of great controversy in recent years. Euthanasia | |
| Eugenics Eugenics is "the study of, or belief in, the possibility of improving the qualities of the human species or a human population by such means as discouraging reproduction by persons having genetic defects or presumed to have inheritable undesirable traits (negative eugenics) or encouraging reproduction by persons presumed to have inheritable desirable traits (positive eugenics)." Eugenics | |
| Final Solution The Final Solution () was Nazi Germany's plan and execution of its systematic genocide against European Jewry during World War II, resulting in the final, most deadly phase of the Holocaust (Shoah). Heinrich Himmler was the chief architect of the plan, and the German Nazi leader Adolf Hitler termed itJewish question" ("die Endlösung der Judenfrage"). Final_Solution | |
| Extermination camp Extermination camps were built by Nazi Germany during World War II for the systematic killing of millions of people in what has become known as The Holocaust. During World War II, under the orders of Heinrich Himmler, extermination camps were built during a later phase of the program of annihilation. Extermination_camp | |
| Elie Wiesel Elie Wiesel (; born Eliezer Wiesel on September 30, 1928) is a writer, professor, political activist, Nobel Laureate and Holocaust survivor. He is the author of 57 books, the best known of which is Night, a memoir that describes his experiences during the Holocaust and his imprisonment in several concentration camps. His diverse range of other writings offer powerful and poetic contributions to literature, theology, and his own articulation of Jewish spirituality today. Elie_Wiesel | |
| Genocide Genocide is the deliberate and systematic destruction, in whole or in part, of an ethnic, racial, religious, or national group. definition varies among genocide scholars, a legal definition is found in the 1948 United Nations Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (CPPCG). Article 2 of this convention defines genocide as "any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such Genocide | |
| Hungary Hungary | |
| Jew A Jew (, Yehudi (sg.); , Yehudim (pl.); Ladino:Djudio (sg.); , Djudios (pl.); ; , Yidn (pl.)) is a member of the Jewish people, an ethnoreligious group originating in the Israelites or Hebrews of the Ancient Near East. The Jewish ethnicity, nationality, and religion are strongly interrelated, as Judaism is the traditional faith of the Jewish nation. Converts to Judaism have been absorbed into the Jewish people throughout the millennia. Jew | |
| Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, colloquially named after Soviet foreign minister Vyacheslav Molotov and German foreign minister Joachim von Ribbentrop, was an agreement officially titled the Treaty of Non-aggression between Germany and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and signed in Moscow in the early hours of August 24, 1939 (but dated August 23). Molotov–Ribbentrop_Pact | |
| Nazi Germany Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the colloquial English names for Germany between 1933 and 1945, while it was led by Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP). The name Third Reich (Drittes Reich, ‘Third Reich’) refers to the state as the successor to the Holy Roman Empire of the Middle Ages and the German Empire of 1871–1918. Nazi_Germany | |
| Nuremberg Trials The Nuremberg trials were a series of trials, or tribunals, most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political, military, and economic leadership of Nazi Germany after its defeat in World War II. Nuremberg, Germany, from 1945 to 1946, at the Palace of Justice. The first and best known of these trials was the Trial of the Major War Criminals before the International Military Tribunal (IMT), which tried 22 of the most important captured l Nuremberg_Trials | |
| Operation Barbarossa Operation_Barbarossa | |
| Operation Barbarossa Talk:Operation_Barbarossa | |
| Pope Pius XII Pope Pius XII (), born Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli (March 2, 1876 – OctoberPope, head of the Roman Catholic Church and sovereign of Vatican City, from March 2, 1939 until his death in 1958. Pope_Pius_XII | |
| Reinhard Heydrich Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich (March 7, 1904SS-Obergruppenführer und General der Polizei, chief of the Reich Main Security Office (including the Gestapo, SD and Kripo Nazi police agencies) and Stellvertretender Reichsprotektor (Deputy Protector) of Bohemia and Moravia. Reinhard_Heydrich | |
| History of Slovakia This article discusses the history of the territory of Slovakia. History_of_Slovakia | |
| Serbia Serbia | |
| Warsaw Warsaw ( ; also known by other names) is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River roughly from both the Baltic Sea coast and the Carpathian Mountains. Its population as of 2007 was estimated at 1,706,624, and the Warsaw metropolitan area at approximately 2,785,000. The city area is , with an agglomeration of (Warsaw Metro Area Obszar Metropolitalny Warszawy). Warsaw is the 8th largest city in the European Union. Warsaw | |
| Waffen-SS The Waffen-SS (German for "Armed SS", literally "Weapons SS") was the combat arm of the Schutzstaffel ("Protective Squadron") or SS, an organ of the Nazi Party. The Waffen-SS saw action throughout World War II and grew from three regiments to a force of over 38 divisions, which served alongside the regular army, but was never formally part of the Wehrmacht. Waffen-SS | |
| Wannsee Conference The Wannsee Conference was a meeting of senior officials of the Nazi German regime, held in the Berlin suburb of Wannsee on 20 January 1942. The purpose of the conference was to inform administrative leaders of Departments responsible for various policies relating to Jews, that Reinhard Heydrich had been appointed as the chief executor of the "Final solution to the Jewish question", and to obtain their full support. Wannsee_Conference | |
| 1948 Arab–Israeli War 1948_Arab–Israeli_War | |
| Budapest Budapest (, also or ; ; names in other languages) is the capital of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it serves as the country's principal political, cultural, commercial, industrial, and transportation center and is considered an important hub in Central Europe. In 2008, Budapest had 1,702,297 inhabitants, down from a mid-1980s peak of 2.1 million. The Budapest Commuter Area (or Greater Budapest) is home to 3,271,110 people. The city covers an area of Budapest | |
| Oskar Schindler Oskar Schindler (April 28, 1908 Sudeten German industrialist. He is credited with saving almost 1,200 Jews during the Holocaust by employing them in his enamelware and ammunitions factories, which were located in what is now Poland and the Czech Republic respectively. Schindler's Ark, and the film based on it, Schindler's List. Oskar_Schindler | |
| 1936 Summer Olympics The 1936 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XI Olympiad, an international multi-sport event which was held in 1936 in Berlin, Germany. Berlin won the bid to host the Games over Barcelona, Spain on April 26, 1931, at the 29th IOC Session in Barcelona (two years before the Nazis came to power). 1936_Summer_Olympics | |
| Nostra Aetate Nostra Aetate () is the Declaration on the Relation of the Church with Non-Christian Religions of the Second Vatican Council. Passed by a vote of 2,221 to 88 of the assembled bishops, this declaration was promulgated on October 28, 1965, by Pope Paul VI.The first draft, entitled "Decree on the Jews" (), was completed in November 1961, approximately fourteen months after Cardinal Bea was commissioned by Pope John XXIII. Nostra_Aetate | |
| Warsaw Ghetto The Warsaw Ghetto was the largest of the Jewish ghettos during the Second World War. During the next year and a half, thousands of the Polish Jews as well as some Romani people from smaller cities and the countryside were brought into the Ghetto, while diseases,especially typhus and starvation kept the Warsaw_Ghetto | |
| Persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany and the Holocaust World War II, homosexual people in Germany, particularly in Berlin, enjoyed a higher level of freedom and acceptance than anywhere else in the world. However, upon the rise of Adolf Hitler, gay men and, to a lesser extent, lesbians, were two of the numerous groups targeted by the Nazi Party and were ultimately among the roster of Holocaust victims. Persecution_of_homosexuals_in_Nazi_Germany_and_the_Holocaust | |
| Axis powers The Axis powers (also known as the Axis alliance, Axis nations, Axis countries, or just the Axis) comprised the countries that were opposed to the Allies during World War II. The three major Axis powers - Germany, Italy, and Japan - were part of a military alliance on the signing of the Tripartite Pact in September 1940, which officially founded the Axis powers. Axis_powers | |
| Corfu Corfu (, Kérkyra, ; ; ; ) is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea. It is the second largest of the Ionian Islands, Corfu | |
| Swastika The swastika (from Sanskrit 'equilateral cross with its arms bent at right angles, in either right-facing () form or its mirrored left-facing () form. Archaeological evidence of swastika-shaped ornaments dates from the Neolithic period. It occurs mainly in the modern day culture of India, sometimes as a geometrical motif and sometimes as a religious symbol. It remains widely used in Eastern religions / Dharmic religion such as Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism. Swastika | |
| Israeli settlement Talk:Israeli_settlement | |
| Buchenwald concentration camp Buchenwald concentration camp (GermanKonzentrationslager or 'KZ' Buchenwald) was a Nazi concentration camp established on the Ettersberg (Etter Mountain) near Weimar, Thuringia, Germany (at the time, Nazi Germany), in July 1937, and one of the largest and first camps on German soil. Buchenwald_concentration_camp | |
| Alfred Rosenberg ''Nazi Party. Rosenberg was first introduced to Adolf Hitler by Dietrich Eckart; he later held several important posts in the Nazi government. He is considered one of the main authors of key Nazi ideological creeds, including its racial theory, persecution of the Jews, Lebensraum, abrogation of the Treaty of Versailles, and opposition to "degenerate" modern art. Alfred_Rosenberg | |
| Alfred Jodl Alfred Jodl (10 May 1890 – 16 October 1946) was a German military commander, attaining the position of Chief of the Operations Staff of the Armed Forces High Command (Oberkommando der Wehrmacht, or OKW) during World War II, acting as deputy to Wilhelm Keitel. At Nuremberg he was tried, sentenced to death and hanged as a war criminal. Alfred_Jodl | |
| Jehovah's Witnesses Jehovah's Witnesses is a restorationist, millenarian Christian religious movement. The religion reports worldwide membership of over 7 million adherents involved in evangelism; they report convention attendance of over 12 million, and annual Memorial attendance of over 17 million. Jehovah's_Witnesses | |
| Night of the Long Knives The Night of the Long Knives (GermanOperation Hummingbird", was a purge that took place in Nazi Germany between June 30 and July 2, 1934, when the Nazi regime carried out a series of political executions, most of those killed being members of the Sturmabteilung (SA), the paramilitary Brownshirts. Night_of_the_Long_Knives | |
| Ethnic cleansing Ethnic cleansing is a euphemism referring to the persecution through imprisonment, expulsion, or killing of members of an ethnic minority by a local majority to achieve ethnic homogeneity in majority-controlled territory. The term entered English and international media usage in the early 1990s to describe war events in the former Yugoslavia. Synonyms include ethnic purification . Ethnic_cleansing | |
| Ben Hecht Ben Hecht (last name pronounced Hekt), (February 28, 1894 American screenwriter, director, producer, playwright, and novelist. Called "the Shakespeare of Hollywood", he received screen credits, alone or in collaboration, for the stories or screenplays of some 70 films and as a prolific storyteller, authored 35 books and created some of the most entertaining screenplays or plays in America. Ben_Hecht | |
| Gas van gas van or gas wagon () was an extermination method devised by Nazi Germany to kill their victims during the Holocaust.It was a vehicle with an air-tight compartment for victims into which exhaust gas was transmitted while the engine was running. As a result the victims were gassed with carbon monoxide, resulting in death by the combined effects of carbon monoxide poisoning and suffocation. Gas_van | |
| Babi Yar Babyn Yar (, Babyn Yar; , Babiy Yar) is a ravine in Kiev, the capital of Ukraine. It is located at the juncture of today's Kurenivka, Lukianivka and Syrets raions, between Frunze, Melnykov and Olena Teliha streets and St. Cyril's Monastery.In the course of two days, September 29-30, 1941, a special team of German SS troops supported by other German units, local collaborators and Ukrainian police murdered 33,771 Jewish civilians after taking them to the ravine. Babi_Yar | |
| Christian X of Denmark Christian_X_of_Denmark | |
| Olympic Flame Olympic Flame or Olympic Torch is a symbol of the Olympic Games. Commemorating the theft of fire from the Greek god Zeus by Prometheus, its origins lie in ancient Greece, where a fire was kept burning throughout the celebration of the ancient Olympics. The fire was reintroduced at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, and it has been part of the modern Olympic Games ever since. Olympic_Flame | |
| Częstochowa Częstochowa is a city in south Poland on the Warta River with 248,894 inhabitants (2004). It has been situated in the Silesian Voivodeship (administrative division) since 1999, and was previously the capital of Częstochowa Voivodeship (1975-1998). However, Czestochowa historically is part of Lesser Poland, not of Silesia and before 1795 (seePartitions of Poland), it had belonged to the Kraków Voivodeship. Częstochowa | |
| Tarnów Tarnów (; ) is a city in southeastern Poland with 116,109 inhabitants (urban area 215 000 inhabitants) (2008)The city has been situated in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship since 1999, but from 1975 to 1998 it was the capital of the Tarnów Voivodeship. It is a major rail junction, located on the strategic east-west connection from Lviv to Kraków. Tarnów | |
| Folke Bernadotte Folke Bernadotte, Count of Wisborg (2 January 1895 – 17 September 1948), was a Swedish diplomat noted for his negotiation of the release of about 31,000 prisoners from German concentration camps during World War II. In 1945, he received a German surrender offer from Heinrich Himmler, though the offer was ultimately rejected.After the war, Bernadotte was unanimously chosen by the victorious powers to be the United Nations Security Council mediator in the Arab-Israeli conflict of 1947-1948. Folke_Bernadotte |
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