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English Wikipedia references for Ucr.edu 1-50 of 1086
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| Atom Atom | |
| Assembly language See the terminology section below for information regarding inconsistent use of the terms assembly and assembler.Assembly languages are a family of low-level languages for programming computers. They implement a symbolic representation of the numeric machine codes and other constants needed to program a particular CPU architecture. Assembly_language | |
| Beryllium Beryllium () is the chemical element with the symbol Be and atomic number 4. A bivalent element, beryllium is found naturally only combined with other elements in minerals. Notable gemstones which contain beryllium include Beryl (aquamarines and emeralds) and Chrysoberyl (Alexandrite and Cat's eye). Beryllium | |
| Bipedalism Bipedalism is a form of terrestrial locomotion where an organism moves by means of its two rear limbs, or legs. An animal or machine that usually moves in a bipedal manner is known as a biped (), meaning "two feet" (from the Latin bi for "two" and ped for "foot"). Bipedalism | |
| Black hole In general relativity, a black hole is a region of space in which the gravitational field is so powerful that nothing, including light, can escape its pull. The black hole has a one-way surface, called an event horizon, into which objects can fall, but out of which nothing can come. It is called "black" because it absorbs all the light that hits it, reflecting nothing, just like a perfect blackbody in thermodynamics. Quantum analysis of black holes shows them to possess a temperature and Hawking radiation. Black_hole | |
| Bee Bees are flying insects closely related to wasps and ants, and are known for their roles of producing honey and beeswax and pollination. Bees are a monophyletic lineage within the superfamily Apoidea, presently classified by the unranked taxon name Anthophila. Bee | |
| Costa Rica Costa_Rica | |
| Copenhagen interpretation The Copenhagen interpretation is an interpretation of quantum mechanics. A key feature of quantum mechanics is that the state of every particle is described by a wavefunction, which is a mathematical representation used to calculate the probability for it to be found in a location or a state of motion. Copenhagen_interpretation | |
| Category theory mathematics, category theory deals in an abstract way with mathematical structures and relationships between themsets and functions to objects linked in diagrams by morphisms or arrows. One of the simplest examples of a category (which is a very important concept in topology) is that of groupoid, defined as a category whose arrows or morphisms are all invertible.Categories now appear in most branches of mathematics and also in some areas of theoretical computer science where they correspond to types and mathematical physics where they can be used to describe vector spaces. Category_theory | |
| C (programming language) C is a general-purpose computer programming language developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at the Bell Telephone Laboratories for use with the Unix operating system.Although C was designed for implementing system software, it is also widely used for developing portable application software. C_(programming_language) | |
| Civilization A civilization is a society or culture group normally defined as a complex society characterized by the practice of agriculture and settlement in towns and cities. Compared with other cultures, members of a civilization are commonly organized into a diverse division of labor and an intricate social hierarchy. Civilization | |
| Crookes radiometer Crookes radiometer, also known as the light mill, consists of an airtight glass bulb, containing a partial vacuum. Inside are a set of vanes which are mounted on a spindle. The vanes rotate when exposed to light, with faster rotation for more intense light, providing a quantitative measurement of electromagnetic radiation intensity. The reason for the rotation has historically been a cause of much scientific debate. Crookes_radiometer | |
| Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame) In classical mechanics, centrifugal force is an outward force associated with curved motion, that is, rotation about some (possibly not stationary) center. Centrifugal force is one of several so-called pseudo-forces (also known as inertial forces), so named because, unlike fundamental forces, they do not originate in interactions with other bodies situated in the environment of the particle upon which they act. Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame) | |
| Casimir effect physics, the Casimir effect and the Casimir-Polder force are physical forces arising from a quantized field. The typical example is of two uncharged metallic plates in a vacuum, placed a few micrometers apart, without any external electromagnetic field. In a classical description, the lack of an external field also means that there is no field between the plates, and no force would be measured between them. Casimir_effect | |
| Casimir effect Talk:Casimir_effect | |
| Cocaine Cocaine | |
| Doppler effect Doppler effect (or Doppler shift), named after Austrian physicist Christian Doppler who proposed it in 1842, is the change in frequency of a wave for an observer moving relative to the source of the waves. It is commonly heard when a vehicle sounding a siren approaches, passes and recedes from an observer. The received frequency is increased (compared to the emitted frequency) during the approach, it is identical at the instant of passing by, and it is decreased during the recession. Doppler_effect | |
| Extinction event An extinction event (also known asmass extinction; extinction-level event, ELE) is a sharp decrease in the number of species in a relatively short period of time. Mass extinctions affect most major taxonomic groups present at the time — birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, fish, invertebrates and other simpler life forms. They may be caused by one or both of extinction of an unusually large number of species in a short period. a sharp drop in the rate of speciation. Extinction_event | |
| EPR paradox In quantum mechanics, the EPR paradox (or Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen paradox) is a thought experiment which challenged long-held ideas about the relation between the observed values of physical quantities and the values that can be accounted for by a physical theory. "EPR" stands for Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen, who introduced the thought experiment in a 1935 paper to argue that quantum mechanics is not a complete physical theory. EPR_paradox | |
| EPR paradox Talk:EPR_paradox | |
| Field (mathematics) Talk:Field_(mathematics) | |
| Faster-than-light Faster-than-light (also superluminal or FTL) communications and travel refer to the propagation of information or matter faster than the speed of light. special theory of relativity, a particle (that has mass) with subluminal velocity needs infinite energy to accelerate to the speed of light, although special relativity does not forbid the existence of particles that travel faster than light at all times (tachyons). Faster-than-light | |
| Friedrich Nietzsche Talk:Friedrich_Nietzsche | |
| General relativity General relativity or the general theory of relativity is the geometric theory of gravitation published by Albert Einstein in 1916. It is the current description of gravitation in modern physics. It unifies special relativity and Newton's law of universal gravitation, and describes gravity as a geometric property of space and time, or spacetime. General_relativity | |
| Gold Gold () is a chemical element with the symbol Au () and an atomic number of 79. It is a highly sought-after precious metal in jewelry, in sculpture, and for ornamentation since the beginning of recorded history. The metal occurs as nuggets or grains in rocks, in veins and in alluvial deposits. Gold | |
| Glass Glass generally refers to hard, brittle, transparent material, such as those used for windows, many bottles, or eyewear. Examples of such materials include, but are not limited to, soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, acrylic glass, sugar glass, isinglass (Muscovy-glass), or aluminium oxynitride. In the technical sense, glass is an inorganic product of fusion which has been cooled through the glass transition to a rigid condition without crystallizing. Many glasses contain silica as their main com Glass | |
| Gluon Gluon | |
| Hymenoptera Hymenoptera is one of the larger orders of insects, comprising the sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants. The name refers to the membranous wings of the insects, and is derived from the Ancient Greek ὑμήν (humen)πτερόν (pteron)hindwings are connected to the forewings by a series of hooks called hamuli.Females typically have a special ovipositor for inserting eggs into hosts or otherwise inaccessible places. Hymenoptera | |
| Jerk (physics) physics, jerk, also known as jolt (especially in British English), surge and lurch, is the rate of change of acceleration; that is, the derivative of acceleration with respect to time, the second derivative of velocity, or the third derivative of position. Jerk is defined by the following equation where is acceleration, is velocity, is position is time.Jerk is a vector, and there is no generally used term to describe its scalar magnitude (e.g. "speed" as the scalar magnitude for velocity). Jerk_(physics) | |
| Karl Popper Talk:Karl_Popper | |
| Kilogram Talk:Kilogram | |
| Kidney The kidneys are paired organs seen in many types of animals, including vertebrates and some invertebrates. Part of the urinary system, they are responsible for urine production as well as a number of other homeostatic functions. These include regulation of electrolytes, acid-base balance, and blood pressure; excretion of wastes such as urea and ammonium; reabsorption of glucose and amino acids; and production of hormones including vitamin D and erythropoietin. Kidney | |
| Lagrangian point The Lagrangian points (; also Lagrange point, L-point, or libration point), are the five positions in an orbital configuration where a small object affected only by gravity can theoretically be stationary relative to two larger objects (such as a Lagrangian_point | |
| Lorentz transformation In physics, the Lorentz transformation converts between two different observers' measurements of space and time, where one observer is in uniform (non-accelerating) motion with respect to the other. In classical physics (Galilean relativity), the only conversion believed necessary was , describing how the origin of one observer's coordinate system slides through space with respect to the other's, at speed v and along the x-axis of each frame. Lorentz_transformation | |
| Luminiferous aether luminiferous aether" (or "ether"), meaning light-bearing aether, was the term used to describe a medium for the propagation of light. The word aether stems via Latin from the Greek αιθήρ, from a root meaning to kindle, burn, or shine. It signifies the substance which was thought in ancient times to fill the upper regions of space, beyond the clouds.Later theories including special relativity were formulated without the concept of aether. Luminiferous_aether | |
| Luminiferous aether Talk:Luminiferous_aether | |
| Liberal arts The term liberal arts refers to the education derived from the Classical education curriculum. Liberal_arts | |
| Mass Mass is a concept used in the physical sciences to explain a number of observable behaviors, and in everyday usage, it is common to identify mass with those resulting behaviors. In particular, mass is commonly identified with weight. But according to our modern scientific understanding, the weight of an object results from the interaction of its mass with a gravitational field, so while mass is part of the explanation of weight, it is not the complete explanation. Mass | |
| Mercury (planet) Mercury_(planet) | |
| Mary Robinson Mary_Robinson | |
| Normal subgroup In mathematics, more specifically in abstract algebra, a normal subgroup is a special kind of subgroup. Normal subgroups are important because they can be used to construct quotient groups from a given group. Évariste Galois was the first to realize the importance of the existence of normal subgroups. Normal_subgroup | |
| Normed division algebra Talk:Normed_division_algebra | |
| Olbers' paradox astrophysics and physical cosmology, Olbers' paradox, is the argument that the darkness of the night sky conflicts with the assumption of an infinite and eternal static universe. It is one of the pieces of evidence for a non-static universe such as the current Big Bang model. The argument is also referred to as the "dark night sky paradox" (see physical paradox). Olbers'_paradox | |
| Online algorithm computer science, an online algorithm is one that can process its input piece-by-piece in a serial fashion, i.e., in the order that the input is fed to the algorithm, without having the entire input available from the start. In contrast, an offline algorithm is given the whole problem data from the beginning and is required to output an answer which solves the problem at hand. (For example, selection sort requires that the entire list be given before it can sort it, while insertion sort doesn't.) Online_algorithm | |
| Physics Physics (Greekphysis – φύσις meaning "nature") is a natural science; it is the study of matter and its motion through spacetime and all that derives from these, such as energy and force. More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the world and universe behave.Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines, perhaps the oldest through its inclusion of astronomy. Physics | |
| Pythagorean theorem mathematics, the Pythagorean theorem (American English) or Pythagoras' theorem (British English) is a relation in Euclidean geometry among the three sides of a right triangle (right-angled triangle in British English). It states hypotenuse (the side opposite the right angle) is equal to the sum of the areas of the squares whose sides are the two legs (the two sides that meet at a right angle). Pythagorean_theorem | |
| Photon Photon | |
| Physiology Physiology (from Greek , physis, "nature, origin"; and , -logia) is the study of the mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions of living organisms. Physiology has traditionally been divided between plant physiology and animal and all living things physiology but the principles of physiology are universal, no matter what particular organism is being studied. For example, what is learned about the physiology of yeast cells may also apply to human cells. Physiology | |
| Photon Talk:Photon | |
| Permian–Triassic extinction event The Permian–Triassic (P–Tr) extinction event, informally known as the Great Dying, was an extinction event that occurred , Permian–Triassic_extinction_event |
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