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English Wikipedia references for Kortlandt.nl 1-20 of 44
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| Altaic languages Altaic is a disputed language family that is generally held by its proponents to include the Turkic, Mongolic, Tungusic, Korean, and Japonic language families (Georg et al. 1999 These languages are spoken in a wide arc stretching from northeast Asia through Central Asia to Anatolia and eastern Europe (Turks, Kalmyks). The group is named after the Altai Mountains, a mountain range in Central Asia. Altaic_languages | |
| Indo-European languages The Indo-European languages are a family of several hundred related languages and dialects, including most major languages of Europe, the Iranian plateau, and the Indian subcontinent. "Indo" refers to the Indian subcontinent, since in the pre-colonial era the language group extended geographically from Europe in the west to India in the east. Indo-European_languages | |
| Old Prussian Prussian is an extinct Baltic language, once spoken by the inhabitants of Prussia in an area (see map and article by Marija Gimbutas below) of what later became East Prussia (now north-eastern Poland and the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia) and eastern parts of Pomerelia (some parts of the region East of the Vistula river). Old_Prussian | |
| Slavic peoples The Slavic Peoples are an ethnic and linguistic branch of Indo-European peoples, living mainly in eastern and central Europe. From the early 6th century they spread from their original homeland (most commonly thought to be in Eastern Europe) to inhabit most of eastern Central Europe, Eastern Europe and the Balkans. Many settled later in Siberia and Central Asia or emigrated to other parts of the world. Over half of Europe is, territorially speaking, inhabited by Slavic-speaking communities Slavic_peoples | |
| Centum-Satem isogloss The Centum-Satem division is an isogloss of the Indo-European language family, related to the evolution of the three dorsal consonant rows reconstructed for Proto-Indo-European, * (labiovelars), * (velars), and *; (palatovelars). The terms come from the words for the number "one hundred" in representative languages of each group (Latin centum and Avestan ). Centum-Satem_isogloss | |
| Freising manuscripts Freising_manuscripts | |
| Czechs Czechs (, , archaic ) are a western Slavic people of Central Europe, living predominantly in the Czech Republic. Small populations of Czechs also live in Slovakia, Austria, U.S., Brazil, Argentina, Canada, Germany, Russia and other countries. They speak the Czech language, which is closely related to the Slovak and Upper Sorbian language.Among the ancestors of the Czechs are ancient Slavic tribes who inhabited the regions of Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia from the 6th century onwards. Czechs | |
| Laryngeal theory The laryngeal theory is a generally accepted theory of historical linguistics which proposes the existence of a set of three (or more) consonant sounds known as "laryngeals" that appear in most current reconstructions of the Proto-Indo-European language (PIE). Laryngeal_theory | |
| Corded Ware culture Corded Ware culture, alternatively characterized as the Battle Axe culture or Single Grave culture is an enormous European archaeological horizon that begins in the late Neolithic (Stone Age), flourishes through the Copper Age and finally culminates in the early Bronze Age, developing in various areas from ca. 3200 BC/2900 BC to ca. 2300 BC/1800 BC. It represents the introduction of metal into Northern Europe. Corded_Ware_culture | |
| Centum-Satem isogloss Talk:Centum-Satem_isogloss | |
| East Germanic languages Talk:East_Germanic_languages | |
| Proto-Indo-European language The Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) is the unattested, reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European languages, spoken by the Proto-Indo-Europeans. The existence of such a language has been accepted by linguists for over a century, and there have been many attempts at reconstruction. Nevertheless, many disagreements and uncertainties remain. Proto-Indo-European_language | |
| Balto-Slavic languages Balto-Slavic language group consists of the Baltic and Slavic languages, belonging to the Indo-European family of languages. Having experienced a period of common development, Baltic and Slavic languages share several linguistic traits not found in any other Indo-European branch, which points to their close genetic relationship.A hypothetical Proto-Balto-Slavic language is also reconstructable, descending from Proto-Indo-European by means of well-defined sound laws, and out of which modern Slavic and Baltic languages descended. Balto-Slavic_languages | |
| Paleolithic Continuity Theory The Paleolithic Continuity Theory (or PCT, Italian La teoria della continuità) is a hypothesis suggesting that the hypothetical Proto-Indo-European language can be traced back to the Paleolithic era, Chalcolithic or at the most Neolithic estimates in other scenarios of Proto-Indo-European origins. Its main proponent is linguist Mario Alinei (professor emeritus at the University of Utrecht). Paleolithic_Continuity_Theory | |
| Kurgan hypothesis The Kurgan hypothesis (also theory or model) is one of the proposals about early Indo-European origins, which postulates that the people of an archaeological "Kurgan culture" (a term grouping the Pit Grave culture and its predecessors) in the Pontic steppe were the most likely speakers of the Proto-Indo-European language. The term is derived from kurgan () the Turkic word for a tumulus or burial mou Kurgan_hypothesis | |
| Proto-Slavic language Proto-Slavic is the proto-language from which Slavic languages later emerged. It was spoken before the seventh century. As with all other proto-languages, no attested writings have been found; the language has been reconstructed by applying the comparative method to all the attested Slavic languages as well as other Indo-European languages. Proto-Slavic_language | |
| Balto-Slavic languages Talk:Balto-Slavic_languages | |
| Eurasiatic languages Eurasiatic is a hypothetical language family proposed by Joseph Greenberg that groups all of the language families historically spoken in northern Eurasia into a single higher-order family, with the sole exception of the Yeniseian languages, spoken in part of Siberia, but including the Eskimo-Aleut languages, spoken in northernmost North America and Greenland with a toehold in easternmost Siberia. Eurasiatic_languages | |
| Glottalization Glottalization is the complete or partial closure of the glottis during the articulation of another sound. Glottalization of vowels and voiced consonants is most often realized as creaky voice (partial closure). Glottalization of voiceless consonants usually involves complete closure of the glottis; another way to describe this phenomenon is to say that a glottal stop is made simultaneously with another consonant. In certain cases, the glottal stop can even wholly replace the voiceless consonant. Glottalization | |
| Indo-Uralic languages Indo-Uralic is a hypothetical language family consisting of Indo-European and Uralic. A genetic relationship between Indo-European and Uralic was first proposed by the Danish linguist Vilhelm Thomsen in 1869 (Pedersen 1931Henry Sweet, Holger Pedersen, Björn Collinder, and Jochem Schindler), making it hard to dismiss the relationship out of hand. Indo-Uralic_languages |
