Ursula Hirschmann Ursula Hirschmann (Berlin, September 2, 1913 - Rome, 8 January, 1991) was a German anti-fascist activist and an advocate of European federalism. Ursula Hirschmann was born into a middle class Jewish family of Berlin, where she studied economics at the university together with her brother Otto Albert, later a candidate for the Nobel Prize. In 1932, she joined the youth organization of the Social Democratic Party to participate in the resistance against the advance of the Nazis. Ursula_Hirschmann
Eastern Bloc emigration and defection Eastern Bloc emigration and defection arose as a point of controversy soon after the Revolution of 1917, when the Soviet Union began to employ emigration restrictions. These restrictions were later extended in differing forms to rest of the Eastern Bloc, which consisted of European countries that were annexed or expanded Soviet Socialist Republics of the USSR and Soviet Satellite states. Eastern_Bloc_emigration_and_defection