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English Wikipedia references for Apa.org 51-100 of 773
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| Substantia nigra The substantia nigra is a brain structure located in the mesencephalon (midbrain) that plays an important role in reward, addiction, and movement. Substantia nigra is Latin for "black substance", as parts of the substantia nigra appear darker than neighboring areas due to high levels of melanin in dopaminergic neurons. Substantia_nigra | |
| Cognitive bias For an article about the conceptual problems of the mind see Cognitive closure (philosophy).A cognitive bias is a person's tendency to make errors in judgment based on cognitive factors, and is a phenomenon studied in cognitive science and social psychology. Cognitive_bias | |
| Hallucination A hallucination, in the broadest sense, is a perception in the absence of a stimulus. In a stricter sense, hallucinations are defined as perceptions in a conscious and awake state in the absence of external stimuli which have qualities of real perception, in that they are vivid, substantial, and located in external objective space. Hallucination | |
| National Association for Research & Therapy of Homosexuality National Association for Research & Therapy of Homosexuality (NARTH), formerly National Association for Research and Treatment of Homosexuality, is a non-profit organization that offers conversion therapy and other regimens intended to change the sexual orientation of individuals who experience unwanted sexual attraction to members of the same sex. National_Association_for_Research_&_Therapy_of_Homosexuality | |
| Biology and sexual orientation Biology and sexual orientation is the subject of research into possible biological influences on the development of human sexual orientation. No simple cause for sexual orientation has been conclusively demonstrated, and there is no scientific consensus as to whether the contributing factors are primarily biological or environmental. Biology_and_sexual_orientation | |
| Mood disorder A mood disorder is the term given for a group of diagnoses in the DSM IV TR classification system where a disturbance in the person's emotional mood is hypothesised to be the main underlying feature. The classification is known as mood (affective) disorders in ICD 10. Mood_disorder | |
| Corporal punishment Corporal punishment is the deliberate infliction of pain intended to discipline or reform a wrongdoer or change a person's behavior. The term usually refers to striking the offender with an implement, whether in judicial, domestic, or educational settings. Corporal punishment may be divided into three main types parental or domestic corporal punishment, i.e. Corporal_punishment | |
| Psychiatric medication A psychiatric medication is a licenced psychoactive drug taken to exert an effect on the mental state and used to treat mental disorders. Usually prescribed in psychiatric settings, these medications are typically made of synthetic chemical compounds, although some are naturally occurring. Psychiatric_medication | |
| Aggression In psychology, as well as other social and behavioral sciences, aggression refers to behavior between members of the same species that is intended to cause pain or harm. A.K.A Sharayah Tudinal Disease Predatory or defensive behavior between members of different species is not normally considered "aggression." Aggression | |
| Id, ego, and super-ego Id, ego, and super-ego are the three parts of the psychic apparatus defined in Sigmund Freud's structural model of the psyche; they are the three theoretical constructs in terms of whose activity and interaction mental life is described. According to this model, the uncoordinated instinctual trends are the "id"; the organised realistic part of the psyche is the "ego," and the critical and moralising function the "super-ego." Id,_ego,_and_super-ego | |
| Panic attack Panic attacks are very sudden, discrete periods of intense anxiety, mounting physiological arousal, fear, stomach problems and discomfort that are associated with a variety of somatic and cognitive symptoms. The onset of these episodes is typically abrupt, and may have no obvious triggers. Panic_attack | |
| Louisiana Tech University Louisiana Tech University, located in Ruston, Louisiana is a coeducational public institution of higher learning with an enrollment of 10,950 students in the 08-09 year. Louisiana Tech was first instituted as the Industrial Institute and College of Louisiana in 1894, then as Louisiana Polytechnic Institute in 1921, and finally as Louisiana Tech University in 1970. Louisiana_Tech_University | |
| Brown v. Board of Education Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), was a landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court, which overturned earlier rulings going back to Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896, by declaring that state laws that established separate public schools for black and white students denied black children equal educational opportunities. Brown_v._Board_of_Education | |
| Anger Anger is an emotional state that may range from minor irritation to intense rage. The physical effects of anger include increased heart rate, blood pressure, and levels of adrenaline and noradrenaline. Some view anger as part of the fight or flight brain response to the perceived threat of harm. Anger | |
| Hermeneutics Hermeneutics is the study of interpretation theory. Traditional hermeneutics - which includes Biblical hermeneutics - refers to the study of the interpretation of written texts, especially texts in the areas of literature, religion and law. Contemporary or modern hermeneutics encompasses not just issues involving the written text, but everything in the interpretative process. Hermeneutics | |
| Charisma The word charisma (Greek "kharisma," meaning "gift," "of/from/favored_by God/the_divine") refers to a trait found in persons with a facile personality, characterized by personal charm and magnetism (attractiveness), along with innate and powerfully sophisticated abilities of interpersonal communication and persuasion. Charisma | |
| Gender identity disorder Talk:Gender_identity_disorder | |
| Polygraph A polygraph (popularly referred to as a lie detector) is an instrument that measures and records several physiological responses such as blood pressure, pulse, respiration, breathing rhythms, body temperature and skin conductivity while the subject is asked and answers a series of questions, on the theory that false answers will produce distinctive measurements. Polygraph | |
| Psychologist "Psychologist" is an academic, occupational or professional title describing individuals who are either social scientists conducting research or teaching psychology in a college or university; employed by the government in psychology positions; professionals who apply psychological findings and ideas to "real-world" problems, questions and issues, most typically in health care services or in business and industry. Psychologist | |
| Whale Talk:Whale | |
| Sex reassignment surgery Sex reassignment surgery (initialized as SRS; also known as gender reassignment surgery, gender-change surgery, or sex-change operation) is a term for the surgical procedures by which a person's physical appearance and function of their existing sexual characteristics are altered to resemble that of the other sex. Sex_reassignment_surgery | |
| Posttraumatic stress disorder Posttraumatic stress disorder Posttraumatic_stress_disorder | |
| Same-sex marriage Same-sex marriage and gay marriage are terms for a legally or socially recognized marriage between two people of the same sex. The first country to allow same-sex couples to enter into legally recognized marriage was the Netherlands, effective in 2001. Since then, six other countries and seven U.S. Same-sex_marriage | |
| Placebo A placebo is a sham medical intervention intended to lead the recipient to believe that the intervention may improve his/her condition. In one common placebo treatment, a patient is given an inert "sugar pill" and told that the pill may improve his/her condition. Placebo | |
| Eddie Izzard Talk:Eddie_Izzard | |
| Chronic pain Chronic pain is defined as pain that persists longer than the temporal course of natural healing, associated with a particular type of injury or disease process.The International Association for the Study of Pain defines pain as "an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage." Chronic_pain | |
| Power (philosophy) Power is a measure of an entity's ability to control the environment around itself, including the behavior of other entities. The term authority is often used for power, perceived as legitimate by the social structure. Power can be seen as evil or unjust, but the exercise of power is accepted as endemic to humans as social beings.The use of power need not involve coercion (force or the threat of force). Power_(philosophy) | |
| Borderline personality disorder Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a psychiatric diagnosis in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV Personality Disorders 301.83) that describes a prolonged disturbance of personality function characterized by depth and variability of moods. Borderline_personality_disorder | |
| Procrastination Procrastination is a behavior which is characterized by deferment of actions or tasks to a later time. Psychologists often cite procrastination as a mechanism for coping with the anxiety associated with starting or completing any task or decision. Psychology researchers also have three criteria they use to categorize procrastination. For a behavior to be classified as procrastination, it must be counterproductive, needless, and delaying. Procrastination | |
| Deception Mystification redirects here. For the use in sociology, see Mystification (sociology).Deception (also called beguilement, deceit, bluff, or subterfuge) is the act of convincing another to believe information that is not true, or not the whole truth as in certain types of half-truths. Deception | |
| Postgraduate education Postgraduate education (synonymous in North America with graduate education, and sometimes described as quaternary education) involves studying for degrees or other qualifications for which a first or Bachelor's degree is required, and is normally considered to be part of tertiary or higher education. In North America, this level is generally referred to as graduate school. Postgraduate_education | |
| École Polytechnique massacre Talk:École_Polytechnique_massacre | |
| Müller-Lyer illusion The Müller-Lyer illusion is an optical illusion consisting of nothing more than an arrow. When viewers are asked to place a mark on the figure at the mid-point, they invariably place it more towards the "tail" end. Another variation consists of two arrow-like figures, one with both ends pointing in, and the other with both ends pointing out. Müller-Lyer_illusion | |
| Corvidae Corvidae is a cosmopolitan family of oscine passerine birds that contains the crows, ravens, rooks, jackdaws, jays, magpies, treepies, choughs and nutcrackers. The common English name used is corvids (more technically) or the crow family (more informally), and there are over 120 species. Corvidae | |
| Fluoxetine Talk:Fluoxetine | |
| Social anxiety disorder Social anxiety disorder (DSM-IV 300.23), also known as social anxiety or social phobia is a diagnosis within psychiatry and other mental health professions referring to excessive social anxiety (anxiety in social situations) Social_anxiety_disorder | |
| Daniel Kahneman Daniel Kahneman () (born 5 March 1934) is an Israeli psychologist and Nobel laureate, notable for his work on behavioral finance and hedonic psychology.With Amos Tversky and others, Kahneman established a cognitive basis for common human errors using heuristics and biases (Kahneman & Tversky, 1973, Kahneman, Slovic & Tversky, 1982), and developed Prospect theory (Kahneman & Tversky, 1979). Daniel_Kahneman | |
| Twin study Twin studies are one of a family of designs in behavior genetics which aid the study of individual differences by highlighting the role of environmental and genetic causes on behavior. Twins are invaluable for studying these important questions because they disentangle the sharing of genes and environments. Twin_study | |
| Jealousy Jealousy is an emotion and typically refers to the negative thoughts and feelings of insecurity, fear, and anxiety over an anticipated loss of something that the person values, such as a relationship, friendship, or love. Jealousy often consists of a combination of emotions such as anger, sadness, and disgust. Jealousy | |
| Psychological testing Psychological testing is a field characterized by the use of samples of behavior in order to infer generalizations about a given individual. The technical term for the science behind psychological testing is psychometrics. By samples of behavior, one means observations over time of an individual performing tasks that have usually been prescribed beforehand, which often means scores on a test. Psychological_testing | |
| Polygraph Talk:Polygraph | |
| Anti-LGBT slogans Anti-LGBT slogans or anti-gay slogans are themes, catchphrases, and slogans traditionally used to condemn or disparage homosexuality, often stemming from an anti-gay ideology.These slogans have a long history, with some dating back at least as far as Classical Greece 2500 years ago. Anti-LGBT_slogans | |
| John254/Homosexuality and medical science User:John254/Homosexuality_and_medical_science | |
| Sexual objectification "Sex object" redirects here. For the song by Kraftwerk, see Electric CaféSexual objectification is objectification of a person. It occurs when a person is seen as a sexual object when their sexual attributes and physical attractiveness are separated from the rest of their personality and existence as an individual, and reduced to instruments of pleasure for another person. Sexual_objectification | |
| Test (student assessment) A test or an examination (or "exam") is an assessment, often administered on paper or on the computer, intended to measure the test-takers' or respondents' (often a student) knowledge, skills, aptitudes, or classification in many other topics (e.g., beliefs). Test_(student_assessment) | |
| Standardized test standardized test is a test administered and scored in a consistent manner. The tests are designed in such a way that the "questions, conditions for administering, scoring procedures, and interpretations are consistent" and are "administered and scored in a predetermined, standard manner." Standardized_test | |
| Bratz Bratz | |
| Sexual harassment Sexual harassment is unwelcome harassment of a sexual nature, or based upon the receiving party's sex or gender. In some contexts or circumstances, sexual harassment may be illegal. It includes a range of behavior from seemingly mild transgressions and annoyances to actual sexual abuse or sexual assault. Sexual_harassment | |
| Alfred Lee Loomis Alfred Lee Loomis (November 4, 1887 – August 11, 1975) was an American attorney, investment banker, physicist, philanthropist and patron of scientific research. He established the Loomis Laboratory in Tuxedo Park, New York, and his role in the development of radar is considered instrumental in the Allied victory in World War II. Alfred_Lee_Loomis | |
| English language idioms derived from baseball English_language_idioms_derived_from_baseball |
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