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Israel Defense Forces
The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) (, , lit. Defense Army for Israel), commonly known in Israel by the Hebrew acronym Tzahal (), are Israel's military forces, comprising the ground forces, air force and navy. It is the sole military wing of the Israeli security forces, and has no civilian jurisdiction within Israel. The IDF is headed by its Chief of General Staff, the Ramatkal, subordinate to the Defense Minister of Israel; the current Chief of Staff, since 2007, is Lieutenant General Gabi Ashkenazi.
Israel_Defense_Forces
History of Andorra
Andorra is the last independent survivor of the Marca Hispanica, the buffer states created by Charlemagne to keep the Islamic Moors from advancing into Christian France. Tradition holds that Charlemagne granted a charter to the Andorran people in return for their fighting the Moors. In the 9th century, Charlemagne's grandson, Charles the Bald, named the Count of Urgell as overlord of Andorra. A descendant of the count later gave the lands to the Diocese of Urgell, headed by Bishop of Urgell.
History_of_Andorra
United States presidential election, 1992
The United States presidential election of 1992 had three major candidatesRepublican President George H. W. Bush; Democrat Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton, and independent Texas businessman Ross Perot.Bush had alienated much of his conservative base by breaking his 1988 campaign pledge against raising taxes, the economy was in a recession, and Bush's perceived greatest strength, foreign policy, was regarded as much less important following the collapse of the Soviet Union and the relatively peaceful climate in the Middle East after the defeat of Iraq in the Gulf War.
United_States_presidential_election,_1992
History of Antigua and Barbuda
history of Antigua and Barbuda can be separated into three distinct eras. In the first, the islands were inhabited by three successive Amerindian societies. The islands were neglected by the first wave of European colonisation, but were settled by England in 1632. Under British control, the islands witnessed an influx of both Britons and African slaves. In 1981, the islands were granted independence as the modern state of Antigua and Barbuda.
History_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda
History of Sweden
Modern Sweden emerged out of the Kalmar Union formed in 1397 and by the unification of the country by King Gustav Vasa in the 16th century. In the 17th century Sweden expanded its territories to form the Swedish empire. Most of these conquered territories had to be given up during the 18th century.
History_of_Sweden
History of the Bahamas
history of the Bahamas can be traced back to Christopher Columbus' first voyage in 1492. The earliest permanent European settlement occurred in 1647 on the island of Eleuthera. The 18th century slave trade brought many Africans to the Bahamas. Their descendants constitute 85 per cent of the Bahamian population. The Bahamas gained independence from the United Kingdom on July 10, 1973.
History_of_the_Bahamas
History of Bahrain
Bahrain is a borderless island country in the Persian Gulf. Although Bahrain became an independent country in 1971, the history of these islands starts from ancient times. Bahrain strategic location in the Persian Gulf has brought rule and influence from the Sumerians, Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Portuguese, and finally the Arabs, under whom the island became Muslim.
History_of_Bahrain
History of Bangladesh
Bangladesh became one of the last large nation states in 1971 when it seceded from Pakistan. Prior to the creation of Pakistan in 1947, Bangladesh was a part of India which was ruled by the British and Mughal Empires. Since independence, the government has experienced periods of democratic and military rule.
History_of_Bangladesh
Russian Orthodox Church
Russian_Orthodox_Church
Azerbaijani Armed Forces
The military of Azerbaijan were re-established according to the Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan on the Armed Forces from October 9, 1991. The armed forces have three branchesLand Forces, Air Forces with Air Defense Forces (a united branch) and the Navy. Associated forces include the Coast Guard and National Guard and can be involved in state defense when needed.
Azerbaijani_Armed_Forces
Foreign relations of Albania
Albanian foreign policy has concentrated on maintaining good relations with its Balkan neighbours, gaining access to European-Atlantic security institutions, and securing close ties with the United States.The crisis of 1997 spurred a period of intense international involvement in Albania, led by the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE).
Foreign_relations_of_Albania
Economy of Albania
Economy_of_Albania
Geography of Algeria
Geography_of_Algeria
History of Barbados
History_of_Barbados
Alexander Hamilton
Alexander Hamilton (January 11, 1755 or 1757 – July 12, 1804) was the first United States Secretary of the Treasury, a Founding Father, economist, and political philosopher. He led calls for the Philadelphia Convention, was one of America's first Constitutional lawyers, and cowrote the Federalist Papers, a primary source for Constitutional interpretation.Born on the British West Indian island of Nevis, Hamilton was educated in the Thirteen Colonies.
Alexander_Hamilton
George III of the United Kingdom
George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom
1998 European Men's Handball Championship
Talk:1998_European_Men's_Handball_Championship
Greeks
Greeks
Naturalization
Naturalization/Naturalisation is the acquisition of citizenship or nationality by somebody who was not a citizen or national of that country when he or she was born.
Naturalization
Whole language
Whole language describes a literacy philosophy which emphasizes that children should focus on meaning and strategy instruction. It is often contrasted with phonics-based methods of teaching reading and writing which emphasize instruction for decoding and spelling.
Whole_language
History of Belgium
The history of Belgium, from pre-history to the present day, is intertwined with the histories of its European neighbours, in particular those of the Netherlands and Luxembourg.
History_of_Belgium
History of Benin
Note This article is about the modern nation of Benin, which encompasses the former French colony of Dahomey, located west of Nigeria. It is easily confused with the historical empire governed by the Oba of Benin from the 14th Century until 1897, from a seat of power sited at Benin City in present-day Nigeria.The Republic of Benin was the seat of Dahomey, one of the great medieval African kingdoms, governed from the capital, Abomey, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
History_of_Benin
History of Bermuda
This is the history in Bermuda. See also the History of Virginia, history of the Americas, History of the Turks and Caicos Islands, English colonization of the Americas, History of North America, history of the Caribbean and History of present-day nations and states.
History_of_Bermuda
History of Bhutan
Bhutan's early history is steeped in mythology and remains obscure. It may have been inhabited as early as 2000 B.C., but not much was known until the introduction of Tibetan Buddhism in the 9th century A.D. when turmoil in Tibet forced many monks to flee to Bhutan.
History_of_Bhutan
Terrorism in Yemen
War on Terrorism in Yemen, the US government describes Yemen as "an important partner in the global war on terrorism". Following the September 11, 2001 attacks in the United States, President Ali Abdullah Saleh made an effort to eliminate the Islamist militant presence.
Terrorism_in_Yemen
History of Brunei
Sultanate of Brunei was very powerful from the fourteenth to the sixteenth century CE. Its realm covered the northern part of Borneo and the southwestern Philippines. European influence gradually brought an end to this regional power. Later, there was a brief war with Spain, in which Brunei was victorious.
History_of_Brunei
History of Côte d'Ivoire
''shale and remnants of cooking and fishing) in the country has been interpreted as a possible indication of a large human presence during the Upper Paleolithic period (15,000 to 10,000 BC), or at the minimum, the Neolithic period. The earliest known inhabitants of , however, have left traces scattered throughout the territory.
History_of_Côte_d'Ivoire
History of Belarus
This article describes the history of Belarus. The Belarusian ethnos is traced at least as far in time as other East Slavs. After an initial period of independent feudal consolidation, Belarusian lands were incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Rus and Samogitia within the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, and the Russian Empire and eventually the Soviet Union. Belarus became an independent country in 1991 after declaring itself free from the Soviet Union.
History_of_Belarus
History of Estonia
Estonia was settled near the end of the last glacial era, beginning from around 8500 BC. Before the German invasions in the 13th century proto-Estonians of the Ancient Estonia were pagans, worshiping the spirits of nature. Since the Northern Crusades Estonia became a battleground for centuries where Denmark, Germany, Russia, Sweden and Poland fought their many wars over controlling the important geographical position of the country as a gateway between East and West.
History_of_Estonia
History of Burundi
Burundi is one of the few countries in Africa, along with its closely linked neighbour Rwanda among others, to be a direct territorial continuation of an ancient African state.
History_of_Burundi
Rio Grande
For the railroad often known as the Rio Grande, see Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad.
Rio_Grande
Discovery Institute
The Discovery Institute is a conservative non-profit public policy U.S. think tank based in Seattle, Washington, best known for its advocacy of intelligent design. Its Teach the Controversy campaign aims to teach creationist anti-evolution beliefs in United States public high school science courses.
Discovery_Institute
Ashley Judd
Ashley Judd (born April 19, 1968) is an American actress, well known for playing a number of strong women characters in films such as Ruby in Paradise, Kiss the Girls, Double Jeopardy, and High Crimes.
Ashley_Judd
Diplomacy
Diplomacy is the art and practice of conducting negotiations between representatives of groups or states. It usually refers to international diplomacy, the conduct of international relations through the intercession of professional diplomats with regard to issues of peace-making, trade, war, economics and culture. International treaties are usually negotiated by diplomats prior to endorsement by national politicians.
Diplomacy
National Security Act of 1947
The National Security Act of 1947 (Pub. L. No. 235, 80 Cong., 61 Stat. 496, ) was signed by United States President Harry S. Truman on July 26, 1947, and realigned and reorganized the U.S. Armed Forces, foreign policy, and Intelligence Community apparatus in the aftermath of World War II. The majority of the provisions of the Act took effect on September 18, 1947, the day after the Senate confirmed James Forrestal as the first Secretary of Defense.
National_Security_Act_of_1947
One-child policy
one-child policy (; literally "policy of birth planning") is the population control policy of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The Chinese government refers to it under the official translation of family planning policy. It officially restricts the number of children married urban couples can have to one, although it allows exemptions for several cases, including rural couples, ethnic minorities, and parents without any siblings themselves.
One-child_policy
Manhattan
Manhattan is one of the five boroughs of New York City, located primarily on Manhattan Island at the mouth of the Hudson River.New York County, which has the same boundaries as the Borough of Manhattan (and which should not be confused with New York City), is the most densely populated county in the United States, with a 2008 population of 1,634,795 living in a land area of 22.96one of the wealthiest counties in the United States, with a 2005 personal income per capita above $100,000.
Manhattan
Refugee
A refugee is a person who flees to escape conflict, persecution or natural disaster. Owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion, is outside the country of their nationality, and is unable to or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail him/herself of the protection of that country.
Refugee
Freedom of religion
Freedom of religion is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or community, in public or private, to manifest religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship, and observance. The concept is generally recognized to also include the freedom to change religion or not to follow any religion.
Freedom_of_religion
Rambouillet Agreement
The Rambouillet Agreement is the name of a proposed peace agreement between then-Yugoslavia and a delegation representing the ethnic-Albanian majority population of Kosovo. It was drafted by the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) and named for Chateau Rambouillet, where it was initially proposed. The significance of the agreement lies in the fact that Yugoslavia refused to accept it, which NATO used as justification to start the Kosovo War.
Rambouillet_Agreement
Israeli–Palestinian conflict
Israeli–Palestinian conflict is an ongoing dispute between Israelis and the Palestinians. It forms part of the wider Arab–Israeli conflict. Though the State of Israel was established in 1948, the term is usually used also in reference to the earlier phases of the same conflict, between Zionist pioneers and the Arab population living in Palestine under Ottoman or British rule.
Israeli–Palestinian_conflict
Flat tax
A flat tax (short for flat rate tax) is a tax system with a constant tax rate. Usually the term flat tax would refer to household income (and sometimes corporate profits) being taxed at one marginal rate, in contrast with progressive taxes that may vary according to such parameters as income or usage levels. Flat taxes generally offer simplicity in the tax code, which has been reported to increase compliance and decrease administration costs.
Flat_tax
Convention on the Rights of the Child
Talk:Convention_on_the_Rights_of_the_Child
Advance-fee fraud
An advance-fee fraud is a confidence trick in which the target is persuaded to advance sums of money in the hope of realizing a significantly larger gain. Among the variations on this type of scam, are the Nigerian Letter (also called the 419 fraud, Nigerian scam, Nigerian bank scam, or Nigerian money offer), the Spanish Prisoner, the Black money scam as well as Russian/Ukrainian scam (also extremely widespread, though far less popular than the former).
Advance-fee_fraud
Maoism
Maoism, variably and officially known as Mao Zedong Thought (), is a totalitarian variant of Marxism derived from the teachings of the late Chinese leader Mao Zedong (Wade-Giles Romanization:Communist Party of China (CPC) from Mao's ascendancy to its leadership until the inception of Deng Xiaoping Theory and Chinese economic reforms in 1978.
Maoism
John Sherman (politician)
John Sherman nicknamed "The Ohio Icicle" (May 10, 1823 October 22, 1900) was a U.S. Representative and U.S. Senator from Ohio during the Civil War and into the late nineteenth century. He served as both Secretary of the Treasury and Secretary of State and was the principal author of the Sherman Antitrust Act. His older brothers were Charles Taylor Sherman, a US Judge in Ohio, and General William Tecumseh Sherman of Civil War fame. His younger brother was banker Hoyt Sherman.
John_Sherman_(politician)
Sesame Street
Sesame_Street
Article (grammar)
An article is a word that combines with a noun to indicate the type of reference being made by the noun, and may also specify the volume or numerical scope of that reference. The articles in the English language are the and a (the latter with variant form an). An article is sometimes called a noun marker, although this is generally considered to be an archaic term.
Article_(grammar)
Proposals for a Palestinian state
Proposals for a Palestinian state refer to the proposed establishment of an independent state for the Palestinian people in the Palestinian territories that have been occupied by Israel since the Six-Day War of 1967. The proposals include the Gaza Strip, which is currently controlled by the Hamas faction of the Palestinian National Authority, the West Bank, which is administered by the Fatah faction of the Palestinian National Authority, and East Jerusalem which is under Israeli administration.
Proposals_for_a_Palestinian_state
Gold standard
Talk:Gold_standard